![]() ![]() ![]() This paper sets out the main characteristics of the tourism workforce as reported by academic papers, identifies whether the same characteristics are evident on the island of Crete (Greece), and discusses the issues surrounding tourism policy formulation in relation to the tourism workforce of Crete. Nevertheless, tourism has been criticised for creating part-time, seasonal, low quality and informal jobs often occupied by migrants and females. The potential of tourism for generating jobs in areas where there are few other alternatives for employment has resulted in many governments electing to expand their tourism industry. The size of the tourism workforce has grown rapidly to the extent that today, travel and tourism is considered to be the world’s largest employer. Keywords: Tourism, modernisation, costs and benefits, development, demand and supply, Crete. It is the aim of this paper to review past studies, having examined various aspects of tourism in Crete in order to investigate the costs and benefits associated with the modernisation of the island through tourism expansion and to provide recommendations for future development. In effect, various social and environmental strains have resulted, such as environmental degradation, cultural pollution, commercialisation of human relations and negative demonstration effects. However, tourism development was directed to the increase of demand through the increase of the numbers of beds, as well as the concentration of tourist arrivals in space and time, rather than the balanced development of the tourism industry. Specifically, tourism has been transformed into a primary source of income and employment generation for the island and has improved the quality of life for the locals. Tourism in Crete is an irreversible phenomenon that has resulted in a process of change under the form of modernisation.This modernisation has both positive and negative consequences. ![]()
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